Run Ubuntu VM using Qemu in Windows User Space (without admin rights)

Qemu-Ubuntu.ps1

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

If (-not (Get-Command -Name "scoop" -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    # Install Scoop
    Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser -Force
    Invoke-RestMethod get.scoop.sh | Invoke-Expression
}

If (-not (Get-Command -Name "qemu-system-x86_64" -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    # Install qemu
    scoop install qemu
}

# Define the local path where the ISO will be saved
$ubuntuIsoPath = "C:\temp\linux.iso"

$isNewBootDisk = $false

If (-not (Test-Path -Path $ubuntuIsoPath -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    # Define the URL for Ubuntu 24.02 LTS ISO
    # # # $isoUrl = "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.20/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.20.2-x86_64.iso"
    # # # $isoUrl = "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.20/releases/x86_64/alpine-virt-3.20.2-x86_64.iso"
    # # # $isoUrl = "https://releases.ubuntu.com/noble/ubuntu-24.04-live-server-amd64.iso"
    $isoUrl = "https://mirror.fsmg.org.nz/ubuntu-releases/24.04/ubuntu-24.04-desktop-amd64.iso"

    # Download the ISO file
    Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $isoUrl -OutFile $ubuntuIsoPath -Verbose

    Write-Host "Download completed! The ISO is saved at: $ubuntuIsoPath" -ForegroundColor "Green"
} Else {
    Write-Host "The ISO file already exists at: $ubuntuIsoPath" -ForegroundColor "Green"
}

# Define paths and settings
$qemuPath = "qemu-system-x86_64.exe"            # Adjust this path to where your QEMU executable is located
$qemuImgPath = "qemu-img.exe"                   # Adjust this path to where your QEMU image utility is located
$diskImagePath = "C:\temp\ubuntu.qcow2"         # Path where the VM's disk image will be created
$memorySize = "2048M"                           # Memory size (e.g., 2048M for 2GB)
$cpuCount = 8                                   # Number of CPUs

If (-not (Test-Path -Path $diskImagePath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    & $qemuImgPath create -f "qcow2" $diskImagePath "20G"

    $isNewBootDisk = $true
}

# Run QEMU with the specified settings and setup Ubuntu automatically
$argumentList = @(
    "-m", $memorySize,
    "-smp", $cpuCount,
    "-drive", "file=$diskImagePath,format=qcow2,if=virtio",
    "-boot", "d",
    "-netdev", "user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp::8022-:22,hostfwd=tcp::2375-:2375,hostfwd=tcp::2376-:2376,hostfwd=tcp::5900-:5900,hostfwd=tcp::8000-:8000",
    "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=mynet0",
    "-nographic",
    "-no-reboot"
)

If ($isNewBootDisk) {
    $argumentList += "-cdrom"
    $argumentList += $ubuntuIsoPath
}

# Run QEMU
Start-Process -FilePath $qemuPath -ArgumentList $argumentList -NoNewWindow -Wait -PassThru

setup-software-alpine-amd64.sh

# Install VS Code CLI
apk add gcompat libstdc++ curl
curl -sL "https://code.visualstudio.com/sha/download?build=stable&os=cli-alpine-x64" --output /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz \
&& tar -xf /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz -C /usr/bin \
&& rm /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz

# Setup script for quick access to code server
echo "code serve-web --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000 --without-connection-token --accept-server-license-terms" > ~/code-server.sh
chmod u+x ~/code-server.sh

# Edit sshd_config
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# # Change this line
# PermitRootLogin yes
# AllowTcpForwarding yes

# Restart sshd service
rc-service sshd restart

# Install docker
apk add docker
apk add docker-cli-compose

# Run docker daemon in the background
addgroup ${USER} docker
rc-update add docker default
service docker start
rc-update add cgroups

# Install Python
apk add python3 py3-pip