Raspberry Pi: AP + client mode

configure.sh

#!/bin/sh
# The script configures simultaneous AP and Managed Mode Wifi on Raspberry Pi Zero W (should also work on Raspberry Pi 3)
# Usage: curl https://gist.githubusercontent.com/lukicdarkoo/6b92d182d37d0a10400060d8344f86e4/raw | sh -s WifiSSID WifiPass APSSID APPass
# Licence: GPLv3
# Author: Darko Lukic <[email protected]>
# Special thanks to: https://albeec13.github.io/2017/09/26/raspberry-pi-zero-w-simultaneous-ap-and-managed-mode-wifi/

MAC_ADDRESS="$(cat /sys/class/net/wlan0/address)"
CLIENT_SSID="${1}"
CLIENT_PASSPHRASE="${2}"
AP_SSID="${3}"
AP_PASSPHRASE="${4}"

# Install dependencies
sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y upgrade
sudo apt -y install dnsmasq dhcpcd hostapd

# Populate `/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules' << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="ieee80211", ACTION=="add|change", ATTR{macaddress}=="${MAC_ADDRESS}", KERNEL=="phy0", \
  RUN+="/sbin/iw phy phy0 interface add ap0 type __ap", \
  RUN+="/bin/ip link set ap0 address ${MAC_ADDRESS}
EOF

# Populate `/etc/dnsmasq.conf`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/dnsmasq.conf' << EOF
interface=lo,ap0
no-dhcp-interface=lo,wlan0
bind-interfaces
server=8.8.8.8
domain-needed
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=192.168.10.50,192.168.10.150,12h
EOF

# Populate `/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf' << EOF
ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd
ctrl_interface_group=0
interface=ap0
driver=nl80211
ssid=${AP_SSID}
hw_mode=g
channel=11
wmm_enabled=0
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
wpa=2PASSPHRASE
wpa_passphrase=${AP_PASSPHRASE}
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP CCMP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
EOF

# Populate `/etc/default/hostapd`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/default/hostapd' << EOF
DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"
EOF

# Populate `/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' << EOF
country=US
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1

network={
    ssid="${CLIENT_SSID}"
    psk="${CLIENT_PASSPHRASE}"
    id_str="AP1"
}
EOF

# Populate `/etc/network/interfaces`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/network/interfaces' << EOF
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d

auto lo
auto ap0
auto wlan0
iface lo inet loopback

allow-hotplug ap0
iface ap0 inet static
    address 192.168.10.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet manual
    wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface AP1 inet dhcp
EOF

# Populate `/bin/start_wifi.sh`
sudo bash -c 'cat > /bin/start_wifi.sh' << EOF
echo 'Starting Wifi AP and client...'
sleep 30
sudo ifdown --force wlan0
sudo ifdown --force ap0
sudo ifup ap0
sudo ifup wlan0
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.10.0/24 ! -d 192.168.10.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq
EOF
sudo chmod +x /bin/start_wifi.sh
crontab -l | { cat; echo "@reboot /bin/start_wifi.sh"; } | crontab -
echo "Wifi configuration is finished! Please reboot your Raspberry Pi to apply changes..."

UPDATE: Please use the following script instead
https://github.com/lukicdarkoo/rpi-wifi

---

The script is tested on Raspberry Pi Zero W

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
Raspberry Pi Zero W Rev 1.1

with clean Raspbian Stretch

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.14.34+ #1110 Mon Apr 16 14:51:42 BST 2018 armv6l GNU/Linux

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Raspbian
Description:	Raspbian GNU/Linux 9.4 (stretch)
Release:	9.4
Codename:	stretch

Awesome, works really well!

this is relay awesome spent 4 days and this finally worked, thank you very much

Hey, just tried this on Pi 3B and after I try to connect to AP, it disappears.

Why is wpa=2PASSPHRASE in hostapd.conf? Shouldn't it be wpa=2 - is this a mistake? Or what does the PASSPHRASE do? I looked but can't see any other reference to this in hostapd docs, that I can see.

SUBSYSTEM=="ieee80211", ACTION=="add|change", ATTR{macaddress}=="${MAC_ADDRESS}", KERNEL=="phy0", \
  RUN+="/sbin/iw phy phy0 interface add ap0 type __ap", \
  RUN+="/bin/ip link set ap0 address ${MAC_ADDRESS}
EOF

is a " missing after ${MAC_ADDRESS} ?

Anyone had any joy with this on RPi 3b+? On first reboot, No AP is created, and can't SSH via ethernet...

jakeaston, I have the same problem, these codes do not work on rpi3b+. No AP, no ethernet like you. then I plug a usb dougle as wlan1, and change some of codes, it works.

is it working with rpi3?

is it working with rpi3?

It seems it doesn't work with Raspberry Pi 3

With newest Raspbian stretch I had to disable dhcpcd as mentioned in some comments in alberts page in order to get ap0 up and working. And the script should check if 4 parameters are passed. I accidentally only passed only 2 parameters and then only the hotspot came up correctly (don't know why though as the first 2 params should be the clients ssid/pass)

Great Thanks,it really worck)))

i did the steps on the tutorial and failed (ap didnt show up and wlan0 wont work) so i erased the microsd to start new again but with the script, now the ap works but the wlan0 interface is still not working... so i can connect to it but no internet connection. what should i change?

hi,
first thanks to your script, it does the job correctly on my rpi0.
I have already a running webserver on it using nginx so i would like to modify the script in such a way that when a user connect to my AP, it brings him to my webpage (php or html).
how can i do that?

it works! really thanks. but i found some points to be modified
i fixed those points, then rpi works well(also can see rpi-ap's name on ssid list of other device)

1. hostapd.conf : "wpa=2PASSPHRASE" should be "wpa=2"
   thanks ilmiont...
2. start_wifi.sh : "#!/bin/bash" should be added at the top of the script
3. crontab : didn't add "@reboot /bin/start_wifi.sh"
   i don't know why, but when i checked "crontab -e", there were nothing
   after add that manually, it works

does anyone know how to toggle ap0 without losing connection of wlan0?
i tried "ifdown --force ap0; ifup ap0" to toggle ap0, then connetion lost

Thanks, @lukicdarkoo & @david712! The newer script at https://github.com/lukicdarkoo/rpi-wifi works perfectly with Rasbpian Buster (Dec 2019) with minor mods.

---

Change

wpa=2PASSPHRASE
to
wpa=2

Next, insert #!/bin/bash as below

# Populate `/bin/start_wifi.sh
sudo bash -c 'cat > /bin/rpi-wifi.sh' << EOF
#!/bin/bash
echo 'Starting Wifi AP and client...'

I tried using new script with the updates @mahesh2000 mentions, however I'm unable to get wlan0 to connect to the broader internet. My AP ssid works and I'm able to connect to my RPi W Zero via ssh, however not able to ping any external website (or run any apt commands). If I run ip addr both wlan0 and ap0 seem to be up and have correct IP addresses. Any ideas?

Hello, thank you so much for this tutorial. This worked well for me in a Raspberry pi zero W.

Do you how will be the right process for after editing wpa_suplicant.conf file, to re-connect (toggle WiFi wlan0 connection) from my command line the wlan0 interface without dropping/affecting the ap0 interface connection?

Thanks in advance

in the end, the raspi0 w spent so much time switching between the two modes (i could see it connect-pause-disconnect-pause-connect-... to the router) that it wasn't very practical. i'm now using ESP8266 or ESP32 as a repeater. it's about $5 total, way faster (way) and no messy config. in retrospect, trying the raspi0w in this config was a poor use of several days of my life :-).

고맙습니다. 실행이 잘 됩니다.
웹에서 사용된 html 페이지는 어떻게 구성하는지 소스를 오픈 해주시겠습니까?
궁금합니다.
curl과 bash를 공부 중입니다.
감사합니다.

thank you. It runs fine.
Could you open the source for how to organize the html page used on the web?
I wonder.
I'm studying curl and bash.
Thank you.

Hello Lukic,

thank you very much for this ! It worked perfectly for me using only your script on a RPi4. It worked directly on first attempt !
uname -r -> 5.10.17-v7l+

This saved many hours for me..

Best regards,
Tugrul

Has anyone got this working with alternative hostapd seetings of "hw_mode=n" or "ieee80211n=1" .. if I use either of these, the SSID is hidden and cant connect to it

Thanks for the base.

1. In line 23 missing double quote by the end of line. Should be:
   RUN+="/bin/ip link set ap0 address ${MAC_ADDRESS}"

2. It's better to set network config in /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

network={
        ssid="${CLIENT_SSID}"
        psk="${CLIENT_PASSPHRASE}"
        id_str="AP1"
        scan_ssid=1
        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
        priority=100
}

This way RPi can connect to hidden network too.