Wordpress: Bash Install Script -- Downloads latest WP version, updates wp-config with user supplied DB name, username and password, creates and CHMOD's uploads dir, copies all the files into the root dir you run the script from, then deletes itself!

wp.sh

#!/bin/bash -e
clear
echo "============================================"
echo "WordPress Install Script"
echo "============================================"
echo "Database Name: "
read -e dbname
echo "Database User: "
read -e dbuser
echo "Database Password: "
read -s dbpass
echo "run install? (y/n)"
read -e run
if [ "$run" == n ] ; then
exit
else
echo "============================================"
echo "A robot is now installing WordPress for you."
echo "============================================"
#download wordpress
curl -O https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
#unzip wordpress
tar -zxvf latest.tar.gz
#change dir to wordpress
cd wordpress
#copy file to parent dir
cp -rf . ..
#move back to parent dir
cd ..
#remove files from wordpress folder
rm -R wordpress
#create wp config
cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
#set database details with perl find and replace
perl -pi -e "s/database_name_here/$dbname/g" wp-config.php
perl -pi -e "s/username_here/$dbuser/g" wp-config.php
perl -pi -e "s/password_here/$dbpass/g" wp-config.php

#set WP salts
perl -i -pe'
  BEGIN {
    @chars = ("a" .. "z", "A" .. "Z", 0 .. 9);
    push @chars, split //, "!@#$%^&*()-_ []{}<>~\`+=,.;:/?|";
    sub salt { join "", map $chars[ rand @chars ], 1 .. 64 }
  }
  s/put your unique phrase here/salt()/ge
' wp-config.php

#create uploads folder and set permissions
mkdir wp-content/uploads
chmod 775 wp-content/uploads
echo "Cleaning..."
#remove zip file
rm latest.tar.gz
#remove bash script
rm wp.sh
echo "========================="
echo "Installation is complete."
echo "========================="
fi

Add this to your ~/.bashrc
alias wpinstall="curl -L -o 'wp.sh' https://gist.githubusercontent.com/bgallagh3r/2853221/raw/f3e2f2fa3048bbeb6d35799af068965bc5fd9b26/wp.sh && bash wp.sh" then source ~/.bashrc Go into a dir you want to install WP in and just type wpinstall It's that easy!

Update:
I've updated the URL to the gist in this comment, WP changed the latest.tar.gz to use HTTPS (finally) as such trying to grab a copy from http::// broke the script

Update: July 8 2015
I've modified the script to add the salts automatically now thanks to @emirpprime's fork.
the new command should be alias wpinstall="curl -L -o 'wp.sh' https://gist.githubusercontent.com/bgallagh3r/2853221/raw/eb5070c1a4f06dc106847f2e53f1b207f8ec7cad/wp.sh && bash wp.sh"

Note that my script does NOT create the MySQL database for you as I currently use WHM/cPanel on our server to manage databases. If you want that functionality please use @emirpprime's fork here: https://gist.github.com/emirpprime/37ef1f355ec5a7ecbb8f.

I think the link above for @emirpprime's fork is broken. A google search suggest that he has changed his github handle?
I think the new link is: https://gist.github.com/phlbnks/37ef1f355ec5a7ecbb8f

Hi pal! I think you must add a database host URL to the script. Usually, it's localhost in wp-config.php and not work for me.